As discussed in the above section on S. japonicum, a series of S. mansoni-associated colorectal cancers and nonschistosomal colorectal cancers were found to show no significant differences in p53 and c-myc immunohistochemical expression, but Bcl-2 was found to be significantly more likely to be expressed in S. mansoni-associated cancers [29]. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and colorectal cancer.