Using an in vivo induced bacterial orchitis model, the total number of TM (ED1+/ED2+) in orchitis is significantly increased seven days post-UPEC infection compared to sham operated rats, a fact that can be at least partly attributed to the recruitment of ED1+ ‘newly arrived inflammatory’ macrophages which are found increased as well (Figure 8A-C). This evidence concerns the gene GJB6 and orchitis.