SIRT1 and idiopathic scoliosis: In contrast, in idiopathic scoliosis samples this anti-proliferation activity was reversed, with SIRT1 treatment significantly upregulating the normalized proliferation activity (vs. control as percentage of control: 10 μM, +37.5% (P < 0.05) and 100 μM, +60.6% (P < 0.01)) (Figure 6c).