CAV1 and neoplasm: Furthermore, tumor-specific survival of patients with a CAV1 staining score of 4 or 5 (n = 19) in the tumor cell cytoplasm was significantly shorter compared with that of patients with a score of 2-3 (n = 38) and even more 0-1 (n = 112) with 5-year tumor specific survival rate of 26.3%, 60.0%, and 80.1%, respectively (p < 0.001, Mantel-Cox; additional file 3, figure S3).