The physiological function of ACE is related to the regulation of blood pressure and electrolyte homeostasis by converting angiotensin I (Ang I) into potent vasoconstrictor angiotensin II and by inactivating bradykinin The importance of ACE inhibitors in the chronic treatment of various cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, diabetic nephropathy, or renal dysfunction is now well established. The gene discussed is ACE; the disease is congestive heart failure.