PLA2G2A and infection: The authors hypothesize that high level of PLA2 enzymatic activity present in saliva is related to A. americanum's refractoriness to B. burgdorgeri. Other studies have demonstrated the importance of PLA2 in the infection processas elicited by pathogens such as Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporium parvum, Entamoeba histolytica, Leishmania amazonensis, and T. cruzi [75–77].