IL18 and acute kidney injury: A 2004 study first examined this possibility by measuring urinary IL-18 levels in 72 patients, 22 with AKI (14 with acute tubular necrosis [ATN], 8 prerenal), 5 with urinary tract infection, 8 with chronic kidney disease, 4 with nephrotic syndrome, 22 with renal transplant, and 11 healthy controls [65].