TNF and neoplasm: Both pro- and anti-tumour effects of CCL2 have been observed through its effect on monocytes and macrophages [31], while here we show that CCL2 may also influence the anti-tumour immune response by affecting the ability of DCs to secrete IL-12p70 but not other cytokines including IL-10, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 or TNF-α in response to LPS stimulation.