However, our previous studies have shown that cardiac hypertrophy in TGF-β1 transgenic mice is accompanied by an increased cardiac expression of hypertrophy-associated genes such as ANF which is further inducible by β-adrenergic stimulation in hearts from TGF-β1 but not from wild-type mice [17], [18]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and cardiac hypertrophy.