To accurately demonstrate which type of host response regulates the L. monocytogenes-induced miRNA expression in primary macrophages, and further analyse the strong effect of Δhly-Lm infection on miRNA induction, we quantified changes in miRNA expression upon infection with wild type Lm or Δhly-Lm for 3 h and 6 h in MyD88−/− compared to wild type (WT) BMDMs. Here, MYD88 is linked to infection.