In men, the leptin/adiponectin ratio is the main factor associated to MS diagnosis (OR: 3.36, 95% CI 1.40–8.08), while in women, adiponectin alone appears to be a protective factor against this diagnosis (OR: 0.87, 95% CI 0.79–0.95). The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is myeloid sarcoma.