RAPGEF3 and ovarian carcinoma: The cAMP/Epac/Rap1 signaling pathway has been reported to regulate a number of PKA-independent processes, such as β2-adrenergic receptor-mediated ovarian carcinoma cell adhesion to fibronectin [34], monocyte adhesion and chemotaxis [35], and adenosine receptor-stimulated activation of ERK1/2 in HUVEC cells [36].