Both genetic and acquired factors contribute to β-cell failure in T2DM [16], and, among the acquired factors, glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity, altered islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) processing, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and increased inflammatory cytokines have been suggested to contribute to β-cell injury [1, 7, 17–20]. Here, IAPP is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.