IL9 and infectious disease: In relation to infectious disease administration of sST2 protects mice against endotoxin-induced shock [31] and the IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway also prevents an inappropriate parasite specific Th1 polarized response by induction of IL-4, IL-9 and IL-13 [33] and the above findings suggest a major regulatory role of the ST2 pathway in controlling aberrant inflammatory response.