Furthermore, the role of kallikreins in ovarian cancer progression has been scarcely studied outside of prognostic and diagnostic applications, and reports of their effects in other cancers have been contradictory, in large part due to their pleiotropic and sometimes opposing effects on cell viability and apoptosis, metastasis, angiogenesis, tissue remodeling and EMT [37]. The gene discussed is KLK4; the disease is ovarian carcinoma.