Testing all available SNPs (n = 131) in the PHF3-PTP4A1 region in AAs, we found 38 SNPs that were nominally associated (1.6×10−5≤p≤0.050) with alcohol dependence, among which, 28 survived region-wide correction for multiple testing (α = 0.01). This evidence concerns the gene PTP4A1 and alcohol dependence.