The most important two recent observations include the following: (i) cytoplasmic YB-1 involvement in EMT (Evdokimova et al, 2009), which has a key role in cancer invasion and metastasis and (ii) YB-1 induction of CD44 expression (To et al, 2010), which is a widely recognised marker for initiation of cancer cell development including initiation of the HNSCC cancer process (Prince et al, 2007). Here, YBX1 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.