[6] Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins (UCPs) are a family of inner mitochondrial membrane proteins capable of driving the ATP synthase pathway via regulation of the proton electrochemical gradient [7]. SIRTs and UCPs may modify the oxidative stress and therefore affect the risk of atherosclerosis [6], [8], [9]. Moreover, the up or down regulation and the enzymatic activity of SIRT/UCP proteins have been related to the degree of tolerance to brain ischemia [10]. Here, UCP1 is linked to brain ischemia.