While the CR rate of 52% from this meta-analysis achieved with anthracyclines in the treatment of PTCL patients (excluding ALK-positive ALCL) seems comparable to the 44%–63% CR rates obtained with CHOP chemotherapy in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients in the pre-rituximab era [48, 56], the estimated 5-year OS for PTCL patients was only 35% compared to the 41% in intermediate-grade NHL in general [57] and 45%–70% in DLBCL [58–60]. Here, ALK is linked to mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.