More recently, Sarry et al. have observed that a high engraftment level occurred within human primary AML samples carrying at least two mutations (seven out of nine samples had FLT3-ITD and NPM1 mutations) and that these mutations were strongly conserved in the different leukemic stem cell populations sorted as well as still present after the first transplantation into NOD/SCID-IL2Rγc−/− mice [18]. Here, FLT3 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.