VHL and renal cell adenocarcinoma: Among a subset of RCC cases on which data was available on VHL promoter methylation or genetic alteration status in somatic tissue (n = 144), the risk of having an alteration in VHL increased with increasing quartiles of methylation (ORQ2 = 1.26, 95%CI:0.34–4.64; ORQ3 = 1.62, 95%CI:0.42–6.18; and ORQ4 = 2.57, 95%CI:0.68–9.72; p-trend = 0.12).