Thus, in clinical conditions, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease, a positive correlation has been reported between plasma visfatin levels and those of several markers of endothelial injury and systemic inflammation, including soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, intercellular cell adhesion molecule, CD146, monocyte chemoattractant protein, C-reactive protein, or interleukin-6 [5]–[8]. This evidence concerns the gene NAMPT and diabetes mellitus.