Brain transcriptional changes 6 months after single systemic treatment with MAM (MAMlate) were comparable to those seen at 7 days post-MAM treatment, and there was elevation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and increased caspase-3 activity, both of which are involved in tau aggregation and neurofibrillary tangle formation typical of ALS-PDC and AD [100]. The gene discussed is PDC; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.