In the AOM mouse model, MAM-induced O6-mG DNA lesions lead to mutations in K-ras (i.e., transversion from G:C to A:T at codon 12) and β-catenin (i.e., transversion from G:C to A:T at codons 33, 34, 37, and 41; serine and threonine sites phosphorylated by GSK-3β) [113,114], resulting in the downstream activation of several cell signaling pathways, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt), MAPK and Wnt [112]. Here, AKT1 is linked to infectious otitis media.