Here, we assessed the role in T1D of variants previously reported to be associated with atopic diseases and epithelial barrier function, profilaggrin (), and those that affect the expression levels of the proinflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, interferon (IFN)γ and IL-18. Here, IL18 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.