VGF and neoplasm: A total of 15 genes (AIM1, ARF, CCNA1, MGMT, hMLH1, PGP9.5, S100A2, APC, RAR-β2, ER-α, ER-β, MCAM, VGF, FKBP4 and SSBP2) were analysed for promoter methylation using QMSP in 57 tumour samples, comprising 43 SEs and 14 NSEs, and 23 NT samples.