It is noteworthy that increased levels of serum haptoglobin and alpha-1-antitrypsin have been already described in patients with several different haematological and non-haematological malignancies, including pancreatic cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma, oral cancers, thyroid carcinomas, and non-small cell lung cancer [17-23]. The gene discussed is SERPINA1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.