Indeed, subsequent studies confirmed the latter hypothesis by demonstrating that either acute administration of recombinant Angpt1 protein or gene transfer of Angpt1 prevented capillary leakage, protected against subsequent acute kidney injury (AKI) and acute lung injury (ALI), and improved survival in Gram-negative murine endotoxemia [5-11]. This evidence concerns the gene ANGPT1 and serum lipopolysaccharide activity.