The mean tumor volume of the Ad.SPDD, Ad.SPDD-HCCS1 and Ad.SPDD-HCCS1HA groups was 835.93 mm3, 272.60 mm3 and 436.99 mm3, respectively (Figures 4A and 4B), indicating that our newly designed Ad.SPDD-HCCS1 and Ad.SPDD-HCCS1HA constructs were able to strongly inhibit liver cancer growth. This evidence concerns the gene VPS53 and liver cancer.