Thyroid autoimmunity (63.2% vs. 32.3%, OR 3.6, 95% CI: 1.5- 8.7, p = 0.002), anti-TPO (28.9% vs. 11.7%, OR 3.05, 95% CI: 0.93-11.1, p = 0.04) and anti-Tg (53.1% vs. 26.4%, OR 4.7, 95% CI: 1.87-12.2, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in H. pylori positive compared to H. pylori negative patients with T1DM [Table 2]. This evidence concerns the gene TPO and autoimmune thyroid disease.