PAFAH1B1 and lissencephaly spectrum disorders: Lissencephaly caused by LIS1 haploinsufficiency has been largely attributed to cell-autonomous neuronal motility defects due to the association of LIS1 with microtubules and microtubule associated motors [54],[55], while type II lissencephaly has so far been thought to be caused primarily by instability of the cortical pial BM that subsequently leads to overmigration of cortical neurons into the subarachnoid space [42],[56].