Vitreous levels of IL-6 and VEGF were also significantly higher in ED patients in the proliferative stage than in patients with macular holes (79.8 pg/ml [18.65–203.4 pg/ml] versus 12.53 pg/ml [2.32–65.36 pg/ml]; p<0.0001 and 1058.3 pg/ml [750.98–1298.87 pg/ml] versus 16.987 pg/ml [6.98–65.87 pg/ml]; p<0.0001). Here, VEGFA is linked to macular holes.