IFNA1 and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: Even though a number of studies have tried to evaluate whether exogenous IFN-α/β, alone or in combination with other molecules (see below), could play an antiviral role during the treatment of HAM/TSP or ATLL patients, IFN-α production was not measured in vivo in HTLV-1-infected individuals (humans or animals).