HIV pathogenesis can be divided into two major phases: the acute infection phase associated with a dramatic loss of CD4+ T cells residing in mucosal tissue, especially in GALT (gut-associated lymphoid tissue) [23,65] and a chronic phase characterized by an immune activation with a massive production of proinflammatory cytokines [66,67], which in turn is responsible for clonal deletion [32,68] and gradual loss of peripheral CD4+ T cells over time [68,69]. Here, CD4 is linked to infection.