The concentration of Calgranulin B in serum (or other fluids such as synovial fluid) correlates with disease activity in a wide range of inflammatory conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis [27], pauciarticular onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis [26]; inflammatory bowel disease [28]; chronic airway inflammation [29]; kidney allograft rejection [30] and acute appendicitis [31]. Here, S100A9 is linked to juvenile idiopathic arthritis.