Genes significantly affected in NP in comparison to CRS (p<0.05 – p<0.0001) were identified: upregulated AID, IL13, IL5, CD23 total and CD23a, CD23b isoforms, FceRIa, FceRIb, and FceRIg subunits, IgG and IgE mature transcripts, CD14, CD19, CD86, PAX5 (tendency; p = 0.06), IRF8; downregulated ID3 (Figure 3). Here, IL5 is linked to congenital rubella syndrome.