Takenaka et al (2005) showed increased caspase-3/7 activity and decreased DNA synthesis by thymidine incorporation studies when MG63 osteosarcoma cells were treated with 100 nM PEDF. Ek et al (2007a) showed PEDF to induce apoptosis using UMR 106-01 and SaOS-2 cell lines by TUNEL assay. This evidence concerns the gene SERPINF1 and osteosarcoma.