Zhu and colleagues [78] demonstrated that peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein, a naturally occurring TLR2 agonist and a ubiquitous Gram-negative bacterial outer-membrane protein that is shed by Gram-negative bacteria (e.g., E. coli) into the circulation of septic animals [123], induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production and directly inhibited cardiomyocyte function (sarcomere shortening and Ca2+ transients) in vitro. Zou and colleagues [124, 125] demonstrate that TLR2 plays a critical role in myocardial inflammation, ROS production, and cardiac dysfunction during bacterial sepsis. This evidence concerns the gene TLR2 and bacterial infectious disease with sepsis.