IL6 and cholangiocarcinoma: The inflammatory cytokine IL-6 is increased in the biliary tract and systemic circulation in patients with CCA (Goydos et al, 1998; Sugawara et al, 1998; Tangkijvanich et al, 2004; Cheon et al, 2007), and has been proposed as a crucial cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of CCA (Okada et al, 1994; Park et al, 1999; Yokomuro et al, 2000; Wehbe et al, 2006; Yamagiwa et al, 2006; Isomoto et al, 2007).