LPA and atherosclerosis: Of note, the present findings suggest that high serum levels of oxLp(a) may be associated with accelerated atherosclerosis, which provides important information for obtaining a better understanding of the different atherogenic roles played by oxLp(a) in comparison to Lp(a), in addition to the earlier knowledge about the clinical associations among Lp(a), oxLp(a) and atherosclerotic manifestations [6,8].