ADCY5 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: It has been demonstrated in a large meta-analysis of Europeans that the rs11708067 SNP within ADCY5 is strongly associated (p≤3.6×10−8) with type 2 diabetes, fasting glucose levels and HOMA-B (a measure of β-cell function) but is not associated with HOMA-IR (a measure of insulin resistance) [1], [12].