MTOR and Cachexia: During the initiation of cachexia, there was a trend for mTOR phosphorylation on Ser residue 2448 to decrease (P = 0.06; Figure 1C), while phosphorylation of mTOR targets, p70 (Thr389) and 4EBP1 (Ser65), were reduced 20% (P = 0.001; Figure 1C) and 55% (P<0.001) during initial stages of cachexia, respectively.