In addition, high expression of bladder tumor VEGF mRNA is significantly associated with early recurrence, progression to invasion, and high expression of mutantp53 protein [121]; high VEGF serum levels are significantly associated with high stage and grade, vascular invasion, carcinoma in situ, metastases, and worse disease-free survival, [122]. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is urinary bladder neoplasm.