Upon scanning endogenous Cdx2 expression levels in cell lines, we found that HepG2 liver carcinoma cells [43] express very low Cdx2 levels compared to the Caco2 colon cancer line or mouse colon; though the gene was expressed about 10-fold above the negative background seen in liver (Figure 4A). This evidence concerns the gene CDX2 and hepatocellular carcinoma.