TNF and Alzheimer disease: In order to investigate the genetic associations between the inflammatory mediator tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and AD, a detailed meta-analysis of polymorphisms in TNF-α was reviewed by Caruso et al. The study analyzed the association between 5 TNF-α polymorphisms (-850, -308, -863, -238, and -1031) and AD and suggested a specific genetic effect of the -850 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on the AD risk [48].