Quantitative RT-PCR carried out to confirm the pattern of PCM sensitivity for several TGF-ß inducible genes (Figure 4) reveals consistency with the microarray data where T. cruzi PCM was shown to inhibit TGF-ß dependent induction of HBEGF, CTGF/CCN2, PTSG2 and Cyr61. In contrast, TGF-ß stimulated expression of SERPINE2, CDKN2B, SMAD7 and TSPAN2 were refractory to PCM treatment (Figure 4). Here, CCN1 is linked to paracoccidioidomycosis.