Administration of a rapamycin analogue, CCI-779, to a SCA3 mouse model with an expanded ataxin-3 containing 70 glutamines (Bichelmeier et al., 2007), reduced soluble levels of expanded ataxin-3, decreased the number of aggregates in brains, and ameloriated motor dysfunction (Menzies et al., 2010). Here, ATXN3 is linked to Machado-Joseph disease.