Participants in the highest tertile of HOMA2-%β (least insulin resistant) had a reduced risk of gallbladder cancer (OR=0.38, 95% CI=0.24–0.58), bile duct cancer (OR=0.38, 95% CI=0.21–0.67), and biliary stones (OR=0.70, 95% CI=0.51–0.97) compared with individuals in the lowest tertile of HOMA2-%β (most insulin resistant). Here, INS is linked to gallbladder cancer.