REN and hyperuricemia: A marked hyperuricemia, currently defined as uricemia higher than the maximum value of normal range [14]–[15], occurs with intrarenal urate crystal deposition leading to ARF [16]–[17], but rats with uricemia near three times higher than the minimum value of normal range (mild hyperuricemia) [14]–[15], as that caused in mice by vCdt[6]–[7], also develop systemic hypertension, interstitial renal disease, afferent arteriolopathy, increased renin expression [18]–[19] and glomerular hypertrophy [20].