S100B and AIDS: MVA-B, the attenuated VACV vector MVA expressing the clade B HIV-1 antigens Env, as monomeric gp120, and Gag, Pol and Nef, as a polyprotein of about 160 kDa is considered a vaccine candidate against HIV/AIDS [18] based on preclinical studies in different animal models [17], [18], [20], [22] and on gene signatures triggered in human DCs infected with MVA-B, where the expression of HIV-1 proteins induced the expression of immunomodulatory molecules such as cytokines, cytokine receptors, chemokines, chemokine receptors and molecules involved in antigen uptake and processing [24].