INS and diabetes mellitus: Diabetes diagnosed according to WHO criteria (FPG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L (≥ 126 mg/dL) or 2-h PG ≥ 11.1 mmol/L (≥ 200 mg/dL)) [3]. Persons who reported history of diabetes diagnosed by physician and reported current use of insulin or oral antidiabetic agent were considered to have diabetes regardless of plasma glucose level.